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    Shapes of wooden fishes

    Published:2014/08/08 General Knowledge Views:858

    制作木鱼,一般都是把一整块木料雕刻成鱼的形状,然后把中间挖空,在头部、尾部、鳞甲等部分漆上黑漆,押上金箔,其余部分漆上红漆。大型木鱼一至六尺长,小型木鱼三至五寸长不等。

    佛教寺院中使用的木鱼分为两种:

    一种是长木鱼,雕刻成鱼形或龙头鱼身形。这种长木鱼往往悬挂于斋堂或库房廊下,作为集合僧众之用。因为它与民间乐器“梆子”的形制、发音都极相似,所以称为“鱼梆”。又因为它常常是在斋饭时敲击,所以也叫做“饭梆”。在佛教寺院中,长木鱼大都是头向山门悬挂的。

    另一种是圆木鱼,形状类似于一边塌陷的馒头,高的一端挖空成青蛙嘴,矮的一端浅雕成二鱼或二龙戏珠状,尾部盘绕于木鱼的腰身之上。圆木鱼是在僧众赞咏诵经时,敲击节拍,以调和音调和节奏的,同时也可防止大家昏怠,以时时振奋精神。所以,木鱼在敲击时要轻重缓急平稳恒定,富有节奏感,根据需要,由缓入急,逐渐加速。

    寺院中的圆木鱼大小不等,有各种规格。一般大些的圆木鱼都是放在案上或架上敲击的,小些的圆木鱼则是用手执持敲击的。小圆木鱼的敲击手法是:不敲的时候,双手捧持,鱼椎在外用两食指和两拇指夹住,其余六指托住鱼身;敲击的时候,左手拇指、食指、中指执鱼,右手拇指、食指、中指执椎,鱼椎头和鱼身头向上相对,两手如合掌,称为“合掌鱼子”。